Entomology
Spittlebugs are small insects named for the frothy, spittle-like masses their nymphs create. Adult spittlebugs, also known as froghoppers, measure 6-8mm in length. Their most distinctive features include:
- Wedge-shaped body
- Powerful jumping legs
- Short, bristle-like antennae
- Piercing-sucking mouthparts
- Two pairs of wings
- Colors range from brown to green
- Broad head with prominent eyes
Reproduction Cycle
Spittlebugs complete one generation per year. Females lay eggs in plant tissue or soil debris in late summer to fall. Their life cycle consists of:
- Eggs: Overwinter in plant debris, hatch in spring after 2-3 weeks
- Nymphs: 5 instars over 5-8 weeks, each producing protective foam
- Adults: Live 2-3 months, appear in summer
Social Aspects
While spending most of their time alone the differnt stages have been seen showing the following social behaviors:
- Nymphs will form large groups inoder to produce a larger amount of protective foam
- Nymphs will rarely leave the foam until they have reached adult life
- Males will send vibartions throught the plant to seek out mates
- When in the foam is the most interact the bugs will be, often mating for short periods
Treatment Options
- Spray plants with strong water stream
- Apply insecticidal soap
- Use neem oil
- Prune heavily infested areas
